OVERHEAD ANGLE - the camera looks directly down at the subject from above. LOW ANGLE - the camera looks up at the subjectĬANTED ANGLE - a shot in which the framing is tipped.

MEDIUM SHOT (MS) - a shot that captures a figure from the waist upĬLOSE-UP (CU) - a shot filled primarily by the subject's face, including little to no backgroundĮXTREME CLOSE-UP (ECU) - a shot filled entirely by a small part of the subject's bodyĬamera Angle HIGH ANGLE - the camera looks down at the subject LONG SHOT (LS) - a shot that includes a character's full figure as well as his or her surroundings To download a PDF copy of the Film Analysis Guide, click here.Ĭamera Distance EXTREME LONG SHOT (ELS) - a shot of a character's full figure at a great distance, including a panoramic view of the surroundings SOUND - refers to both the sounds that come from the scene itself, such as spoken dialogue or ambient noise, and the sounds that are imposed on the scene, such as voice-overs or musical scores. Setting, lighting, costuming, and acting are aspects of mise-en-scène. MISE-EN-SCÈNE - literally meaning 'put into the scene,' this term refers to the arrangement of actors and objects in front of the camera. The norm here is 'continuity editing,' in which shots are put together to achieve narrative continuity-to make the action appear to flow logically and naturally from shot to shot. Under the heading of cinematography, we speak of such things as the different lenses used by the camera, how the camera frames the shot, the angle of the camera relative to the action, and how the camera moves.ĮDITING - refers to how the individual shots are spliced together. Analysis CategoriesĬINEMATOGRAPHY - a term used to define the ways in which the camera captures the shot. A symbolic visual, auditory, or narrative element with a predictable meaning.

TROPE - a common convention repeated in many films. A motif can be visual (an image or film technique), sonic (a sound or piece of music), or rhetorical (a word, phrase, metaphor, etc.). MOTIF - anything repeated more than a few times in a film. SEQUENCE - series of shots combined to represent a discrete set of actions or a coherent narrative section. SHOT - one continuous piece of film footage, ending with a cut to the next shot.

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